Cov roj uas kub hnyiab tau muab faib ua cov roj uas kub hnyiab tau ib leeg thiab cov roj uas kub hnyiab tau sib xyaw, uas muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev kub hnyiab thiab tawg. Tus nqi txwv ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov roj uas kub hnyiab tau thiab cov roj uas txhawb nqa kev kub hnyiab uas ua rau tawg hauv qab cov xwm txheej xeem txheem. Cov roj uas txhawb nqa kev kub hnyiab tuaj yeem yog cua, oxygen lossis lwm yam roj uas txhawb nqa kev kub hnyiab.

Qhov txwv kev tawg yog hais txog qhov txwv kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov pa roj lossis cov pa dej uas kub hnyiab tau hauv huab cua. Cov pa roj uas kub hnyiab tau tsawg tshaj plaws uas ua rau muaj kev tawg hu ua qhov txwv kev tawg qis dua; qhov ntau tshaj plaws hu ua qhov txwv kev tawg siab dua. Qhov txwv kev tawg sib txawv nrog cov khoom sib xyaw.

Cov pa roj uas yooj yim hlawv thiab tawg muaj xws li hydrogen, methane, ethane, propane, butane, phosphine thiab lwm yam pa roj. Txhua lub pa roj muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv thiab qhov txwv ntawm kev tawg.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen (H2)yog ib qho roj tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj ntxhiab, thiab tsis muaj saj. Nws yog ib qho kua tsis muaj xim ntawm qhov siab siab thiab qhov kub qis thiab yaj me ntsis hauv dej. Nws yog qhov kub hnyiab heev thiab tuaj yeem tawg thaum sib xyaw nrog huab cua thiab ntsib hluav taws. Piv txwv li, thaum sib xyaw nrog chlorine, nws tuaj yeem tawg ntuj tsim hauv qab hnub ci; thaum sib xyaw nrog fluorine hauv qhov tsaus ntuj, nws tuaj yeem tawg; hydrogen hauv lub tog raj kheej kuj tuaj yeem tawg thaum raug cua sov. Qhov txwv ntawm kev tawg ntawm hydrogen yog 4.0% txog 75.6% (qhov ntim concentration).

Cov pa roj methane

Cov pa roj methaneyog ib qho roj tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj ntxhiab nrog lub qhov kub npau ntawm -161.4 ° C. Nws sib dua li huab cua thiab yog ib qho roj uas yooj yim rau yaj hauv dej. Nws yog ib qho organic compound yooj yim. Ib qho sib xyaw ntawm methane thiab huab cua hauv qhov sib piv kom haum yuav tawg thaum ntsib hluav taws xob. Qhov txwv siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev tawg % (V/V): 15.4, qhov txwv qis tshaj plaws ntawm kev tawg % (V/V): 5.0.

Ethane

Ethane tsis yaj hauv dej, me ntsis yaj hauv ethanol thiab acetone, yaj hauv benzene, thiab tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom sib xyaw thaum sib xyaw nrog huab cua. Nws yog qhov txaus ntshai rau hlawv thiab tawg thaum raug rau cov cua sov thiab cov nplaim taws qhib. Nws yuav tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg thaum sib cuag nrog fluorine, chlorine, thiab lwm yam. Qhov txwv siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev tawg % (V/V): 16.0, qhov txwv qis tshaj plaws ntawm kev tawg % (V/V): 3.0.

Propane

Propane (C3H8), ib qho roj tsis muaj xim, tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom sib xyaw thaum sib xyaw nrog huab cua. Nws yog qhov txaus ntshai rau kev hlawv thiab tawg thaum raug rau cov cua sov thiab cov nplaim taws qhib. Nws teb hnyav thaum sib cuag nrog cov oxidants. Qhov txwv siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev tawg % (V/V): 9.5, qhov txwv qis tshaj plaws ntawm kev tawg % (V/V): 2.1;

N.butane

n-Butane yog cov roj tsis muaj xim uas yooj yim hlawv, tsis yaj hauv dej, yooj yim yaj hauv ethanol, ether, chloroform thiab lwm yam hydrocarbons. Nws tsim cov khoom sib xyaw nrog huab cua, thiab qhov txwv ntawm kev tawg yog 19% ~ 84% (yav tsaus ntuj).

Ethylene

Ethylene (C2H4) yog ib qho roj tsis muaj xim nrog ib qho tsw qab zib tshwj xeeb. Nws yaj tau hauv ethanol, ether thiab dej. Nws yooj yim hlawv thiab tawg. Thaum cov ntsiab lus hauv huab cua ncav cuag 3%, nws tuaj yeem tawg thiab hlawv. Qhov txwv ntawm kev tawg yog 3.0 ~ 34.0%.

Acetylene

Acetylene (C2H2)yog ib qho roj tsis muaj xim nrog ib qho tsw ntawm ether. Nws yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej, soluble hauv ethanol, thiab yooj yim soluble hauv acetone. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim heev rau hlawv thiab tawg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog phosphides lossis sulfides. Lub txwv kev tawg yog 2.5 ~ 80%.

Propylene

Propylene yog ib qho roj tsis muaj xim nrog ib qho tsw qab zib hauv lub xeev ib txwm. Nws yooj yim yaj hauv dej thiab acetic acid. Nws yooj yim tawg thiab hlawv, thiab qhov txwv kev tawg yog 2.0 ~ 11.0%.

Cyclopropane

Cyclopropane yog ib qho roj tsis muaj xim nrog ntxhiab tsw ntawm roj av ether. Nws yaj me ntsis hauv dej thiab yooj yim yaj hauv ethanol thiab ether. Nws yooj yim hlawv thiab tawg, nrog rau qhov txwv tawg ntawm 2.4 ~ 10.3%.

1,3 Butadiene

1,3 Butadiene yog ib qho roj tsis muaj xim thiab tsis muaj ntxhiab, tsis yaj hauv dej, yooj yim yaj hauv ethanol thiab ether, thiab yaj hauv cov kua cuprous chloride. Nws tsis ruaj khov heev ntawm chav tsev kub thiab yooj yim decomposes thiab tawg, nrog rau qhov txwv tawg ntawm 2.16 ~ 11.17%.

Methyl chloride

Methyl chloride (CH3Cl) yog ib qho roj tsis muaj xim, yooj yim ua kua. Nws saj qab zib thiab muaj ntxhiab zoo li ether. Nws yooj yim yaj hauv dej, ethanol, ether, chloroform thiab glacial acetic acid. Nws yooj yim hlawv thiab tawg, nrog rau qhov txwv tawg ntawm 8.1 ~ 17.2%.